Document Type

Report

Abstract

Climatically, Alexandria is a semi-desert, characterized by hot dry summers, moderate winters and very little rainfall. It has only two seasons: a mild winter from November to April and a hot summer from May to October. The difference between the seasons is variations in daytime temperature and changes in prevailing wind. Average annual temperature ranges between minimum of 14˚C in winter and maximum of 30˚C in summer. The average annual temperature increases moving southward from the Delta to the Sudanese border, where temperature variation are similar to those of the open deserts. Alexandria is a one of the wettest area of Egypt, which has an average annual precipitation of about 200 millimetres, which is more compared to the nation’s annual average precipitation rate of 80 millimetres. Most of rain falls along the coastal area and it decreases suddenly moving southwards. The humidity in the Alexandria is very high; however sea breeze keeps the moisture down to comfortable level. A hot spring wind that blows across the country, known as sirocco (khamsin for Egyptian) is an important climatic phenomena in Egypt. The wind forms in small but vigorous low pressure area and sweep across the northern coast of Africa. Higher velocity of wind (up to 140km/hr) accompanied by sand and dust from the deserts can increase the air temperature suddenly about 20˚C within two hours. It appears usually in April and occasionally in March and May. A main source of water in the Egypt is the Nile River, which provides 95% of the water resources. Egypt and the Nile are synonymous and inseparable words, so is Alexandria too. It is flowing north from Sudan enters Egypt directly into Lake Nasser, the reservoir behind the high Aswan dam.

Publication Date

2007

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